%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%  IEEE.bst  %%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%

% Bibliography Syle file for articles according to IEEE instructions

% balemi@aut.ee.ethz.ch     <22-JUN-93>

% modified from unsrt.bib. Contributions by Richard H. Roy



ENTRY

  { address

    author

    booktitle

    chapter

    edition

    editor

    howpublished

    institution

    journal

    key

    month

    note

    number

    organization

    pages

    publisher

    school

    series

    title

    type

    volume

    year

  }

  {}

  { label }



INTEGERS { output.state before.all mid.sentence after.sentence after.block }



FUNCTION {init.state.consts}

{ #0 'before.all :=

  #1 'mid.sentence :=

  #2 'after.sentence :=

  #3 'after.block :=

}



STRINGS { s t }



FUNCTION {output.nonnull}

{ 's :=

  output.state mid.sentence =

    { ", " * write$ }

    { output.state after.block =

% next line commented out by rhr and changed to write comma

%	{ add.period$ write$

	{ ", " * write$ 

	  newline$

	  "\newblock " write$

	}

	{ output.state before.all =

	    'write$

	    { add.period$ " " * write$ }

	  if$

	}

      if$

      mid.sentence 'output.state :=

    }

  if$

  s

}



FUNCTION {output}

{ duplicate$ empty$

    'pop$

    'output.nonnull

  if$

}



FUNCTION {output.check}

{ 't :=

  duplicate$ empty$

    { pop$ "empty " t * " in " * cite$ * warning$ }

    'output.nonnull

  if$

}



FUNCTION {output.bibitem}

{ newline$

  "\bibitem{" write$

  cite$ write$

  "}" write$

  newline$

  ""

  before.all 'output.state :=

}



FUNCTION {fin.entry}

{ add.period$

  write$

  newline$

}



% 5/24/89 rhr

%  modified fin.entry function - prints note field after body of entry  

%FUNCTION {fin.entry}

%{ add.period$

%  note empty$

%    'write$

%    { "\par\bgroup\parindent=0em  " * annote * "\par\egroup " * write$

%    }

%  if$

%  newline$

%}



FUNCTION {new.block}

{ output.state before.all =

    'skip$

    { after.block 'output.state := }

  if$

}



% new block without terminating last block with a comma

FUNCTION {new.ncblock}

{

  write$ 

  newline$

  "\newblock "

  before.all 'output.state :=

}



FUNCTION {new.nccont}

{

  write$ 

  " "

  before.all 'output.state :=

}



FUNCTION {new.sentence}

{ output.state after.block =

    'skip$

    { output.state before.all =

	'skip$

	{ after.sentence 'output.state := }

      if$

    }

  if$

}



FUNCTION {not}

{   { #0 }

    { #1 }

  if$

}



FUNCTION {and}

{   'skip$

    { pop$ #0 }

  if$

}



FUNCTION {or}

{   { pop$ #1 }

    'skip$

  if$

}



FUNCTION {new.block.checka}

{ empty$

    'skip$

    'new.block

  if$

}



FUNCTION {new.block.checkb}

{ empty$

  swap$ empty$

  and

    'skip$

    'new.block

  if$

}



FUNCTION {new.sentence.checka}

{ empty$

    'skip$

    'new.sentence

  if$

}



FUNCTION {new.sentence.checkb}

{ empty$

  swap$ empty$

  and

    'skip$

    'new.sentence

  if$

}



FUNCTION {field.or.null}

{ duplicate$ empty$

    { pop$ "" }

    'skip$

  if$

}



FUNCTION {emphasize}

{ duplicate$ empty$

    { pop$ "" }

    { "{\em " swap$ * "}" * }

  if$

}



FUNCTION {boldface}

{ duplicate$ empty$

    { pop$ "" }

    { "{\bf " swap$ * "}" * }

  if$

}



%FUNCTION {boldface}

%{ 's swap$ :=

%  s "" =

%    { "" }

%    { "{\bf " s * "}" * }

%  if$

%}

%

INTEGERS { nameptr namesleft numnames }



FUNCTION {format.names}

{ 's :=

  #1 'nameptr :=

  s num.names$ 'numnames :=

  numnames 'namesleft :=

    { namesleft #0 > }

    { s nameptr "{ff~}{vv~}{ll}{, jj}" format.name$ 't :=

      nameptr #1 >

	{ namesleft #1 >

	    { ", " * t * }

	    { numnames #2 >

		{ "," * }

		'skip$

	      if$

	      t "others" =

		{ " et~al." * }

		{ " and " * t * }

	      if$

	    }

	  if$

	}

	't

      if$

      nameptr #1 + 'nameptr :=

      namesleft #1 - 'namesleft :=

    }

  while$

}



FUNCTION {format.authors}

{ author empty$

    { "" }

    { author format.names }

  if$

}



FUNCTION {format.editors}

{ editor empty$

    { "" }

    { editor format.names

      editor num.names$ #1 >

	{ ", Eds." * }

	{ ", Ed." * }

      if$

    }

  if$

}



FUNCTION {format.title}

{ title empty$

    { "" }

    { "``" title "t" change.case$ * }

  if$

}



FUNCTION {n.dashify}

{ 't :=

  ""

    { t empty$ not }

    { t #1 #1 substring$ "-" =

	{ t #1 #2 substring$ "--" = not

	    { "--" *

	      t #2 global.max$ substring$ 't :=

	    }

	    {   { t #1 #1 substring$ "-" = }

		{ "-" *

		  t #2 global.max$ substring$ 't :=

		}

	      while$

	    }

	  if$

	}

	{ t #1 #1 substring$ *

	  t #2 global.max$ substring$ 't :=

	}

      if$

    }

  while$

}



FUNCTION {format.date}

{ year empty$

    { month empty$

	{ "" }

	{ "there's a month but no year in " cite$ * warning$

	  month

	}

      if$

    }

    { month empty$

	'year

	{ month " " * year * }

      if$

    }

  if$

}



% FUNCTION {format.date}

% { year empty$

% 	'year 

% 	{ " "  year * }

%   if$

% }



FUNCTION {format.btitle}

{ title emphasize

}



FUNCTION {tie.or.space.connect}

{ duplicate$ text.length$ #3 <

    { "~" }

    { " " }

  if$

  swap$ * *

}



FUNCTION {either.or.check}

{ empty$

    'pop$

    { "can't use both " swap$ * " fields in " * cite$ * warning$ }

  if$

}



FUNCTION {format.bvolume}

{ volume empty$

    { "" }

    { "vol." volume tie.or.space.connect

      series empty$

	'skip$

	{ " of " * series emphasize * }

      if$

      "volume and number" number either.or.check

    }

  if$

}



FUNCTION {format.number.series}

{ volume empty$

    { number empty$

	{ series field.or.null }

	{ output.state mid.sentence =

	    { "number" }

	    { "Number" }

	  if$

	  number tie.or.space.connect

	  series empty$

	    { "there's a number but no series in " cite$ * warning$ }

	    { " in " * series * }

	  if$

	}

      if$

    }

    { "" }

  if$

}



FUNCTION {format.edition}

{ edition empty$

    { "" }

    { output.state mid.sentence =

	{ edition "l" change.case$ " edition" * }

	{ edition "t" change.case$ " edition" * }

      if$

    }

  if$

}



INTEGERS { multiresult }



FUNCTION {multi.page.check}

{ 't :=

  #0 'multiresult :=

    { multiresult not

      t empty$ not

      and

    }

    { t #1 #1 substring$

      duplicate$ "-" =

      swap$ duplicate$ "," =

      swap$ "+" =

      or or

	{ #1 'multiresult := }

	{ t #2 global.max$ substring$ 't := }

      if$

    }

  while$

  multiresult

}



FUNCTION {format.pages}

{ pages empty$

    { "" }

    { pages multi.page.check

	{ "pp." pages n.dashify tie.or.space.connect }

	{ "p." pages tie.or.space.connect }

      if$

    }

  if$

}



FUNCTION {format.vol.num.pages}

{ 

volume empty$

   {"" }

   {"vol. " volume *}

if$

number empty$

   'skip$

   {", no. " number * *}

if$

pages empty$

   'skip$

    { duplicate$ empty$

	{ pop$ format.pages }

	{ ", pp. " * pages n.dashify * }

      if$

    }

if$

}



%FUNCTION {format.vol.num.pages}

%%boldface added 3/17/87 rhr

%{ volume field.or.null boldface

%  number empty$

%    'skip$

%    { "(" number * ")" * *

%      volume empty$

%	{ "there's a number but no volume in " cite$ * warning$ }

%	'skip$

%      if$

%    }

%  if$

%  pages empty$

%    'skip$

%    { duplicate$ empty$

%	{ pop$ format.pages }

%	{ ":" * pages n.dashify * }

%      if$

%    }

%  if$

%}



FUNCTION {format.chapter.pages}

{ chapter empty$

    'format.pages

    { type empty$

	{ "chapter" }

	{ type "l" change.case$ }

      if$

      chapter tie.or.space.connect

      pages empty$

	'skip$

	{ ", " * format.pages * }

      if$

    }

  if$

}



FUNCTION {format.in.ed.booktitle}

{ booktitle empty$

    { "" }

    { editor empty$

	{ "in " booktitle emphasize * }

	{ "in "  booktitle emphasize *  ", " * format.editors * }

      if$

    }

  if$

}



FUNCTION {empty.misc.check}

{ author empty$ title empty$ howpublished empty$

  month empty$ year empty$ note empty$

  and and and and and

    { "all relevant fields are empty in " cite$ * warning$ }

    'skip$

  if$

}



FUNCTION {format.thesis.type}

{ type empty$

    'skip$

    { pop$

      type "t" change.case$

    }

  if$

}



FUNCTION {format.tr.number}

{ type empty$

    { "Tech. {R}ep." }

    'type

  if$

  number empty$

    { "t" change.case$ }

    { number tie.or.space.connect }

  if$

}



FUNCTION {format.article.crossref}

{ key empty$

    { journal empty$

	{ "need key or journal for " cite$ * " to crossref " * crossref *

	  warning$

	  ""

	}

	{ "In {\em " journal * "\/}" * }

      if$

    }

    { "In " key * }

  if$

  " \cite{" * crossref * "}" *

}



FUNCTION {format.crossref.editor}

{ editor #1 "{vv~}{ll}" format.name$

  editor num.names$ duplicate$

  #2 >

    { pop$ " et~al." * }

    { #2 <

	'skip$

	{ editor #2 "{ff }{vv }{ll}{ jj}" format.name$ "others" =

	    { " et~al." * }

	    { " and " * editor #2 "{vv~}{ll}" format.name$ * }

	  if$

	}

      if$

    }

  if$

}



FUNCTION {format.book.crossref}

{ volume empty$

    { "empty volume in " cite$ * "'s crossref of " * crossref * warning$

      "In "

    }

    { "vol." volume tie.or.space.connect

      " of " *

    }

  if$

  editor empty$

  editor field.or.null author field.or.null =

  or

    { key empty$

	{ series empty$

	    { "need editor, key, or series for " cite$ * " to crossref " *

	      crossref * warning$

	      "" *

	    }

	    { "{\em " * series * "\/}" * }

	  if$

	}

	{ key * }

      if$

    }

    { format.crossref.editor * }

  if$

  " \cite{" * crossref * "}" *

}



FUNCTION {format.incoll.inproc.crossref}

{ editor empty$

  editor field.or.null author field.or.null =

  or

    { key empty$

	{ booktitle empty$

	    { "need editor, key, or booktitle for " cite$ * " to crossref " *

	      crossref * warning$

	      ""

	    }

	    { "In {\em " booktitle * "\/}" * }

	  if$

	}

	{ "In " key * }

      if$

    }

    { "In " format.crossref.editor * }

  if$

  " \cite{" * crossref * "}" *

}



FUNCTION {article}

{ output.bibitem

  format.authors "author" output.check

  new.block

  format.title ",''" * "title" output.check

  new.ncblock

  crossref missing$

    { journal emphasize "journal" output.check

      format.vol.num.pages output

      format.date "year" output.check

    }

    { format.article.crossref output.nonnull

      format.pages output

    }

  if$

  new.block

  note output

  fin.entry

}



FUNCTION {book}

{ output.bibitem

  author empty$

    { format.editors "author and editor" output.check }

    { format.authors output.nonnull

      crossref missing$

	{ "author and editor" editor either.or.check }

	'skip$

      if$

    }

  if$

  new.block

  format.btitle "title" output.check

  crossref missing$

    { format.bvolume output

      new.block

      format.number.series output

      new.sentence

      publisher "publisher" output.check

      address output

    }

    { new.block

      format.book.crossref output.nonnull

    }

  if$

  format.edition output

  format.date "year" output.check

  new.block

  note output

  fin.entry

}



FUNCTION {booklet}

{ output.bibitem

  format.authors output

  new.block

  format.title ",''" * "title" output.check

  new.nccont

  howpublished address new.block.checkb

  howpublished output

  address output

  format.date output

  new.block

  note output

  fin.entry

}



FUNCTION {inbook}

{ output.bibitem

  author empty$

    { format.editors "author and editor" output.check }

    { format.authors output.nonnull

      crossref missing$

	{ "author and editor" editor either.or.check }

	'skip$

      if$

    }

  if$

  new.block

  format.btitle "title" output.check

  crossref missing$

    { format.bvolume output

      format.chapter.pages "chapter and pages" output.check

      new.block

      format.number.series output

      new.sentence

      publisher "publisher" output.check

      address output

    }

    { format.chapter.pages "chapter and pages" output.check

      new.block

      format.book.crossref output.nonnull

    }

  if$

  format.edition output

  format.date "year" output.check

  new.block

  note output

  fin.entry

}



FUNCTION {incollection}

{ output.bibitem

  format.authors "author" output.check

  new.block

  format.title ",''" * "title" output.check

  new.ncblock

  crossref missing$

    { format.in.ed.booktitle "booktitle" output.check

      format.bvolume output

      format.number.series output

      format.chapter.pages output

      new.sentence

      publisher "publisher" output.check

      address output

      format.edition output

      format.date "year" output.check

    }

    { format.incoll.inproc.crossref output.nonnull

      format.chapter.pages output

    }

  if$

  new.block

  note output

  fin.entry

}



FUNCTION {inproceedings}

{ output.bibitem

  format.authors "author" output.check

  new.block

  format.title ",''" * "title" output.check

  new.ncblock

  crossref missing$

    { format.in.ed.booktitle "booktitle" output.check

      address empty$

	{ organization publisher new.sentence.checkb

	  organization output

	  format.date "year" output.check

	}

	{ address output.nonnull

	  format.date "year" output.check

	  organization output

	}

      if$

      format.bvolume output

      format.number.series output

      format.pages output

      publisher output

    }

    { format.incoll.inproc.crossref output.nonnull

      format.pages output

    }

  if$

  new.block

  note output

  fin.entry

}



FUNCTION {conference} { inproceedings }



FUNCTION {manual}

{ output.bibitem

  author empty$

    { organization empty$

	'skip$

	{ organization output.nonnull

	  address output

	}

      if$

    }

    { format.authors output.nonnull }

  if$

  new.block

  format.btitle "title" output.check

  author empty$

    { organization empty$

	{ address new.block.checka

	  address output

	}

	'skip$

      if$

    }

    { organization address new.block.checkb

      organization output

      address output

    }

  if$

  format.edition output

  format.date output

  new.block

  note output

  fin.entry

}



FUNCTION {mastersthesis}

{ output.bibitem

  format.authors "author" output.check

  new.block

  format.title ",''" * "title" output.check

  new.ncblock

  "M.S. thesis" format.thesis.type output.nonnull

  school "school" output.check

  address output

  format.date "year" output.check

  new.block

  note output

  fin.entry

}



FUNCTION {misc}

{ output.bibitem

  format.authors output

  title howpublished new.block.checkb

  format.title ",''" * output

  new.nccont

  howpublished new.block.checka

  howpublished output

  format.date output

  new.block

  note output

  fin.entry

  empty.misc.check

}



FUNCTION {phdthesis}

{ output.bibitem

  format.authors "author" output.check

  new.block

  format.btitle "title" output.check

  new.block

  "Ph.D. thesis" format.thesis.type output.nonnull

  school "school" output.check

  address output

  format.date "year" output.check

  new.block

  note output

  fin.entry

}



FUNCTION {proceedings}

{ output.bibitem

  editor empty$

    { organization output }

    { format.editors output.nonnull }

  if$

  new.block

  format.btitle "title" output.check

  format.bvolume output

  format.number.series output

  address empty$

    { editor empty$

	{ publisher new.sentence.checka }

	{ organization publisher new.sentence.checkb

	  organization output

	}

      if$

      publisher output

      format.date "year" output.check

    }

    { address output.nonnull

      format.date "year" output.check

      new.sentence

      editor empty$

	'skip$

	{ organization output }

      if$

      publisher output

    }

  if$

  new.block

  note output

  fin.entry

}



FUNCTION {techreport}

{ output.bibitem

  format.authors "author" output.check

  new.block

  format.title ",''" * "title" output.check

  new.ncblock

  format.tr.number output.nonnull

  institution "institution" output.check

  address output

  format.date "year" output.check

  new.block

  note output

  fin.entry

}



FUNCTION {unpublished}

{ output.bibitem

  format.authors "author" output.check

  new.block

  format.title ",''" * "title" output.check

  new.ncblock

  note "note" output.check

  format.date output

  fin.entry

}



FUNCTION {default.type} { misc }



MACRO {jan} {"Jan."}



MACRO {feb} {"Feb."}



MACRO {mar} {"Mar."}



MACRO {apr} {"Apr."}



MACRO {may} {"May"}



MACRO {jun} {"June"}



MACRO {jul} {"July"}



MACRO {aug} {"Aug."}



MACRO {sep} {"Sept."}



MACRO {oct} {"Oct."}



MACRO {nov} {"Nov."}



MACRO {dec} {"Dec."}



MACRO {acmcs} {"ACM Computing Surveys"}



MACRO {acta} {"Acta Informatica"}



MACRO {cacm} {"Communications of the ACM"}



MACRO {ibmjrd} {"IBM Journal of Research and Development"}



MACRO {ibmsj} {"IBM Systems Journal"}



MACRO {ieeese} {"IEEE Transactions on Software Engineering"}



MACRO {ieeetc} {"IEEE Transactions on Computers"}



MACRO {ieeetcad}

 {"IEEE Transactions on Computer-Aided Design of Integrated Circuits"}



MACRO {ipl} {"Information Processing Letters"}



MACRO {jacm} {"Journal of the ACM"}



MACRO {jcss} {"Journal of Computer and System Sciences"}



MACRO {scp} {"Science of Computer Programming"}



MACRO {sicomp} {"SIAM Journal on Computing"}



MACRO {tocs} {"ACM Transactions on Computer Systems"}



MACRO {tods} {"ACM Transactions on Database Systems"}



MACRO {tog} {"ACM Transactions on Graphics"}



MACRO {toms} {"ACM Transactions on Mathematical Software"}



MACRO {toois} {"ACM Transactions on Office Information Systems"}



MACRO {toplas} {"ACM Transactions on Programming Languages and Systems"}



MACRO {tcs} {"Theoretical Computer Science"}



READ



STRINGS { longest.label }



INTEGERS { number.label longest.label.width }



FUNCTION {initialize.longest.label}

{ "" 'longest.label :=

  #1 'number.label :=

  #0 'longest.label.width :=

}



FUNCTION {longest.label.pass}

{ number.label int.to.str$ 'label :=

  number.label #1 + 'number.label :=

  label width$ longest.label.width >

    { label 'longest.label :=

      label width$ 'longest.label.width :=

    }

    'skip$

  if$

}



EXECUTE {initialize.longest.label}



ITERATE {longest.label.pass}



FUNCTION {begin.bib}

{ preamble$ empty$

    'skip$

    { preamble$ write$ newline$ }

  if$

  "\begin{thebibliography}{"  longest.label  * "}" * write$ newline$

}



EXECUTE {begin.bib}



EXECUTE {init.state.consts}



ITERATE {call.type$}



FUNCTION {end.bib}

{ newline$

  "\end{thebibliography}" write$ newline$

}



EXECUTE {end.bib}



%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%% End of IEEE.bst %%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%

